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在 Android 开发中,ExpandableListView 已经可以实现两层结构的展开,然而,有时候需要实现更深层次的树状结构,甚至三层或更多。为此,我选择自定义 ExpandableListView 或 ListView 来实现这种需求。以下将详细介绍如何实现树状结构,包括布局文件的设置、数据模型的建立、自定义适配器的开发以及点击事件的处理。
首先,新建一个 Activity 样式的布局文件。例如,activity_tree.xml,其内容如下:
这将为后续的 ListView 提供一个占满屏幕的布局。
接下来,新建一个单独的布局文件用于 tree_item 元素:
首先,创建一个 TreeNode 类来存储树节点的数据。该类包含以下字段:
contentText:节点内容。level:节点的层级。id:节点的唯一标识符。parent_id:父节点的标识符。has_children:是否有子节点。is_expanded:是否展开。类似于以下代码:
public class TreeNode {    private String contentText;    private int level;    private int id;    private int parent_id;    private boolean has_children;    private boolean is_expanded;    public TreeNode(String contentText, int level, int id, int parent_id, boolean has_children, boolean is_expanded) {        this.contentText = contentText;        this.level = level;        this.id = id;        this.parent_id = parent_id;        this.has_children = has_children;        this.is_expanded = is_expanded;    }    public boolean isExpanded() {        return is_expanded;    }    public void setExpanded(boolean isExpanded) {        this.is_expanded = isExpanded;    }    public String getContentText() {        return contentText;    }    public void setContentText(String contentText) {        this.contentText = contentText;    }    public int getLevel() {        return level;    }    public void setLevel(int level) {        this.level = level;    }    public int getId() {        return id;    }    public void setId(int id) {        this.id = id;    }    public int getParendId() {        return parent_id;    }    public void setParendId(int parent_id) {        this.parent_id = parent_id;    }    public boolean isHasChildren() {        return has_children;    }    public void setHasChildren(boolean hasChildren) {        this.has_children = hasChildren;    }}  为了实现树状结构,需要自定义一个 TreeViewAdapter,继承自 BaseAdapter。该适配器将负责绑定数据和处理点击事件。
public class TreeViewAdapter extends BaseAdapter {    private ArrayList        all_nodes;    private ArrayList          top_nodes;    private LayoutInflater inflater;    private int indentation_base;    public TreeViewAdapter(ArrayList            top_nodes, ArrayList              all_nodes, LayoutInflater inflater) {        this.top_nodes = top_nodes;        this.all_nodes = all_nodes;        this.inflater = inflater;        indentation_base = 20;    }    @Override    public int getCount() {        return top_nodes.size();    }    @Override    public Object getItem(int position) {        return top_nodes.get(position);    }    @Override    public long getItemId(int position) {        return position;    }    @Override    public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {        ViewHolder holder;        if (convertView == null) {            holder = new ViewHolder();            convertView = inflater.inflate(R.layout.tree_item, null);            holder.home_img = (ImageView) convertView.findViewById(R.id.home_img);            holder.tree_text = (TextView) convertView.findViewById(R.id.tree_text);            convertView.setTag(holder);        } else {            holder = (ViewHolder) convertView.getTag();        }        TreeNode element = top_nodes.get(position);        int level = element.getLevel();        holder.home_img.setPadding(indentation_base * (level + 1), 0, 0, 0);        holder.tree_text.setText(element.getContentText());        if (element.isHasChildren() && !element.isExpanded()) {            holder.home_img.setImageResource(R.drawable.open);            holder.home_img.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);        } else if (element.isHasChildren() && element.isExpanded()) {            holder.home_img.setImageResource(R.drawable.open);            holder.home_img.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);        } else if (!element.isHasChildren()) {            holder.home_img.setImageResource(R.drawable.open);            holder.home_img.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);        }        return convertView;    }    static class ViewHolder {        ImageView home_img;        TextView tree_text;    }}                        在 TreeActivity 中进行数据初始化。例如:
public class TreeActivity extends Activity {    private ArrayList        all_nodes;    private ArrayList          top_nodes;    @Override    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);        setContentView(R.layout.activity_tree);        LayoutInflater inflater = (LayoutInflater) getSystemService(Context.LAYOUT_INFLATER_SERVICE);        init();        ListView tree_view = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.tree_list);        TreeViewAdapter tree_view_adapter = new TreeViewAdapter(top_nodes, all_nodes, inflater);        TreeViewItemClickListener tree_view_click_listener = new TreeViewItemClickListener(tree_view_adapter);        tree_view.setAdapter(tree_view_adapter);        tree_view.setOnItemClickListener(tree_view_click_listener);    }    private void init() {        top_nodes = new ArrayList<>();        all_nodes = new ArrayList<>();        // 添加节点        TreeNode node1 = new TreeNode("北京市", TreeNode.TOP_LEVEL, 0, TreeNode.NO_PARENT, true, false);        TreeNode node2 = new TreeNode("海淀区", TreeNode.TOP_LEVEL + 1, 1, node1.getId(), true, false);        TreeNode node3 = new TreeNode("西二旗", TreeNode.TOP_LEVEL + 2, 2, node2.getId(), true, false);        TreeNode node4 = new TreeNode("河南省", TreeNode.TOP_LEVEL, 3, TreeNode.NO_PARENT, true, false);        TreeNode node5 = new TreeNode("郑州市", TreeNode.TOP_LEVEL + 1, 4, node4.getId(), true, false);        TreeNode node6 = new TreeNode("金水区", TreeNode.TOP_LEVEL + 2, 5, node5.getId(), false, false);        top_nodes.add(node1);        top_nodes.add(node4);        all_nodes.add(node1);        all_nodes.add(node2);        all_nodes.add(node3);        all_nodes.add(node4);        all_nodes.add(node5);        all_nodes.add(node6);    }}           为了控制树节点的展开和收缩,需要实现一个 TreeViewItemClickListener 类。例如:
public class TreeViewItemClickListener implements OnItemClickListener {    private TreeViewAdapter tree_view_adapter;    public TreeViewItemClickListener(TreeViewAdapter tree_view_adapter) {        this.tree_view_adapter = tree_view_adapter;    }    @Override    public void onItemClick(AdapterView    parent, View view, int position, long id) {        TreeNode tree_node = (TreeNode) tree_view_adapter.getItem(position);        if (!tree_node.isHasChildren()) {            return;        }        if (tree_node.isExpanded()) {            tree_node.setExpanded(false);            ArrayList        elements_to_delete = new ArrayList<>();            for (int i = position + 1; i < top_nodes.size(); i++) {                if (tree_node.getLevel() >= top_nodes.get(i).getLevel()) {                    break;                }                elements_to_delete.add(top_nodes.get(i));            }            top_nodes.removeAll(elements_to_delete);            tree_view_adapter.notifyDataSetChanged();        } else {            tree_node.setExpanded(true);            int i = 1;            for (TreeNode e : all_nodes) {                if (e.getParent_id() == tree_node.getId()) {                    e.setExpanded(false);                    top_nodes.add(position + i, e);                    i++;                }            }            tree_view_adapter.notifyDataSetChanged();        }    }}      通过以上代码,系统将能够实现树状结构的加载和展开。点击每个节点,将根据其子节点的存在与否进行展开或收缩。
此外,记得取消 node7 的注释,以添加更多子节点。这样,将展示出一颗完整的树结构。
完成以上步骤后,将能够看到预期中的树状列表,点击每个节点将可查看其子节点。无论是顶层节点还是深层节点,都将按照设置的 way 模式展开或收缩。
希望以上内容能为您提供清晰的解决方案!
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